Beam forming capabilities of smart antennas on mobile terminals

This paper presents investigations on small mobile terminal antenna arrays and their beam forming capabilities. A theoretical approach is shown which reduces optimization and simulation time significantly. Based on the theoretical approach a software tool has been developed which allows to estimate the beam forming capabilities of the terminal model and ease the optimization process regarding gain pattern, efficiency and impedance matching. Furthermore, it is shown, that passive loaded elements can be used to reduce coupling effects or to optimize coupling for diversity and beam forming applications, respectively.