Quality factor Q of a miniaturized meander microstrip patch antenna

A basic rectangular microstrip patch antenna can be miniaturized by inserting a number of slits parallel to the radiating edges. A frequency reduction of up to 80% and an area reduction up to 97% can be observed, depending on the length of the slit. For all the above cases, the resultant antennas can be characterized as ldquosmall antennasrdquo since the Chu and Wheeler limit is satisfied. Nevertheless, there is deterioration in the bandwidth and the radiation efficiency of the antenna, but these can be compensated by investigating a stacked configuration of the proposed antenna which can fill more efficiently the radiansphere.