Particle Swarm Optimization of Antenna Elements for Foliage Penetrating Radar

Foliage penetrating radar systems typically operate in the VHF or UHF segment of the RF spectrum, and often require the use of ultra-wideband antennas. Often time, the design of such antennas requires an extensive 'trial and error' effort to meet the design requirements. In this study Particle Swarm Optimization was used to automate the design process.