Leakage flux and force calculation on power transformer windings under short-circuit: 2D and 3D models based on the theory of images and the finite element method compared to measurements

The paper compares different techniques based on the theory of images and the finite element method enabling to calculate the leakage field and the static electromagnetic forces on the windings of power transformers. The models developed have been applied to the one phase part of a three phase shell type power transformer and the results are verified experimentally. Both cases, that of approximate two dimensional analysis and the three dimensional configuration, have been studied. A particular three dimensional finite element formulation involving only a scalar potential was found to be suitable for this class of problems.< >