Development of active matrix biosensor array for cell screening

Measurements of the AC electrode impedance can be used to sense changes in cell adhesion to the electrode and also the cell response to drugs. In this paper, we report progress toward the further development of this sensing technology. We describe extended (/spl sim/72 hr) studies of the impedance changes of electrodes which monitor the cell growth under environmentally controlled conditions, and we contrast the signatures of the mouse fibroblast 3T3 and human colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 cell lines. We also describe the design and fabrication of a CMOS-based active matrix sensor array for statistical analysis of a large population of individual cells.