Risk Management Practices using the House of Risk for Safety, Health, etc.(HORshe) Method: A Case Study on Wastewater Treatment in the Pharmaceutical Industry

The pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia is expanding rapidly despite environmental challenges. PT. XYZ, a major player, faces significant difficulties in managing liquid waste. The current Liquid Waste Disposal Permit (IPLC) is deficient, inadequately addressing domestic wastewater quality standards and broader environmental sustainability measures. A comprehensive legislative framework covering all technical and environmental aspects, including household wastewater, is necessary. This study introduces the House of Risk for Safety, Health, etc. (HORshe) approach, an advanced model integrating methodologies from HOR (House of Risk), HoQ (House of Quality), FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis), and HIRA (Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis). HORshe expands risk management to include safety, health, and environmental considerations, emphasizing preventive measures to mitigate risk agents. The research utilizes the HORshe model to identify effective wastewater control strategies through qualitative interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). The study's significance lies in its application to pharmaceutical industrial waste management, addressing critical environmental risks and consumer safety concerns. The objective is to refine risk analysis across multiple sectors using the HORshe model and contribute to future research. The results suggest 11 preventive measures for 6 key risk factors out of a total of 12, with ultrafiltration identified as the most crucial preventive strategy, while reverse-osmosis control systems are deemed less significant. This highlights the research's impact on sustainable waste disposal practices in the pharmaceutical industry and other domains, providing a foundation for future improvements in environmental risk management.