Large-Area Flexible Pressure Sensors for In Situ Monitoring of Cell Swelling in Vehicle Battery Packs

Li-ion batteries have emerged as a leading energy storage technology, garnering widespread attention due to their numerous advantages. However, alongside their benefits, safety concerns have arisen and become more important due to a pursuit of higher energy density. To address this, monitoring batte...

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Veröffentlicht in:IEEE sensors journal 2024-05, Vol.24 (9), p.13980-13990
Hauptverfasser: Gan, Ding Zhe, Gong, Shoulu, Zhang, Wenming, Shao, Lei
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Li-ion batteries have emerged as a leading energy storage technology, garnering widespread attention due to their numerous advantages. However, alongside their benefits, safety concerns have arisen and become more important due to a pursuit of higher energy density. To address this, monitoring battery cell swelling has been identified as one of the most effective preventive measures as a warning for potential fire or explosion hazards. Current swelling measurement methods, such as x-ray diffraction, neutron imaging, strain gauge, and optical fibers, are bulky and not easily integrated into battery packs for in situ monitoring. Herein, we propose a flexible pressure sensor that may integrate between arrays of cells without interfering the battery assembling and normal operation. The proposed pressure sensor, fabricated by all mass-production processes, exhibits properties such as large-area, high-uniformity, and high-robustness, along with other features like high sensitivity and low hysteresis. The proposed flexible pressure sensors are effectively demonstrated in both an imitative and a real battery cell string, verified by a laser displacement sensor. This approach could open a promising pathway to provide new insights into the operational state of batteries and thus safety enhancement of electric vehicles.
ISSN:1530-437X
1558-1748
DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2024.3376562