Dynamic Joint Scheduling of Anycast Transmission and Modulation in Hybrid Unicast-Multicast SWIPT-Based IoT Sensor Networks

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technologies are vital in powering Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensor networks. Despite their importance, the traditionally used separate receiver (SR) architecture with a time- or power-splitting (TS/PS) mode in SWIPT usually results in high energy consumption, especially during the information decoding (ID) process due to energy-intensive local oscillators and mixers. To overcome this, an integrated receiver (IR) architecture has been introduced, sparking the development of compatible SWIPT modulation schemes. However, the aspect of modulation scheduling for IR architecture in SWIPT-based IoT sensor networks appears to be little explored. This article bridges this research gap by proposing a joint unicast/multicast, IoT sensor, and modulation (UMSM) scheduling algorithm. We use mathematical modeling and optimization methods to maximize the weighted sum of average unicast service throughput and energy harvested by IoT sensors, while ensuring minimal average throughput for both unicast and multicast services, along with the minimum average harvested energy. Our simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm in improving energy harvesting (EH) and throughput performance while maintaining necessary constraints.