Laser Plasma Characterization and Atomic Structure Calculations of Ti II
In this work, we report estimates of the temperature and electron density of titanium plasmas using time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) methods and results of Hartree-Fock relativistic (HFR) calculations of Ti II transition probabilities. Plasmas were generated on certified gra...
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Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on plasma science 2023-10, Vol.51 (10), p.3035-3052 |
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creator | Mejia, Roberto Enrique Raineri, Monica Sarmiento, Rafael Alvarez, Juan C. Pacheco, Paola |
description | In this work, we report estimates of the temperature and electron density of titanium plasmas using time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) methods and results of Hartree-Fock relativistic (HFR) calculations of Ti II transition probabilities. Plasmas were generated on certified grade-1 titanium samples, with 532-nm laser radiation pulses from a Nd:YAG laser with energies of 18, 28, 38, and 48 mJ. Spectra were recorded with delay times between 0.5 and 6.5~\mu \text{s} with 0.5- \mu \text{s} intervals. The calculation of Ti II transition probabilities included reported configurations of the Rydberg series as well as six new unreported configurations of each parity. For the estimation of the electronic temperature using the Boltzmann plot, 13 Ti II lines and eight Ti I lines measured in the LIBS spectra of the plasmas were used, obtaining values between 7700K and 11700 K with an uncertainty around 15%. On the other hand, the estimated plasma electron density range was (9-18) \times 10^{16} cm-3, with an uncertainty of about 20% using a Lorentzian fit of the Stark broadening of measured Ti II lines. A comparison of the obtained electron density with that calculated from the Saha-Boltzmann equation is also presented. |
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Plasmas were generated on certified grade-1 titanium samples, with 532-nm laser radiation pulses from a Nd:YAG laser with energies of 18, 28, 38, and 48 mJ. Spectra were recorded with delay times between 0.5 and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">6.5~\mu \text{s} </tex-math></inline-formula> with 0.5-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \text{s} </tex-math></inline-formula> intervals. The calculation of Ti II transition probabilities included reported configurations of the Rydberg series as well as six new unreported configurations of each parity. For the estimation of the electronic temperature using the Boltzmann plot, 13 Ti II lines and eight Ti I lines measured in the LIBS spectra of the plasmas were used, obtaining values between 7700K and 11700 K with an uncertainty around 15%. On the other hand, the estimated plasma electron density range was (9-18) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\times 10^{16} </tex-math></inline-formula> cm-3, with an uncertainty of about 20% using a Lorentzian fit of the Stark broadening of measured Ti II lines. A comparison of the obtained electron density with that calculated from the Saha-Boltzmann equation is also presented.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0093-3813</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-9375</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2023.3304897</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ITPSBD</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Atomic calculations ; Atomic structure ; Boltzmann transport equation ; Configurations ; Delay time ; Delays ; Electron density ; electron temperature ; Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy ; Laser plasmas ; Laser pulses ; Lasers ; Mathematical analysis ; Neodymium lasers ; plasma characterization ; Plasma temperature ; Plasmas ; Rydberg series ; Semiconductor lasers ; Spectra ; Spectrum analysis ; Structural analysis ; Temperature measurement ; Three-dimensional displays ; Titanium ; Transition probabilities ; Uncertainty ; YAG lasers</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on plasma science, 2023-10, Vol.51 (10), p.3035-3052</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c245t-eb9a14b93bd1495bde910d32d73c609850a74309712b8cff0d6e59f0462543803</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6080-8691 ; 0000-0002-8789-8241 ; 0000-0003-4943-3280 ; 0000-0002-5681-9328</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10246014$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,792,27901,27902,54733</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10246014$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mejia, Roberto Enrique</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raineri, Monica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarmiento, Rafael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alvarez, Juan C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pacheco, Paola</creatorcontrib><title>Laser Plasma Characterization and Atomic Structure Calculations of Ti II</title><title>IEEE transactions on plasma science</title><addtitle>TPS</addtitle><description><![CDATA[In this work, we report estimates of the temperature and electron density of titanium plasmas using time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) methods and results of Hartree-Fock relativistic (HFR) calculations of Ti II transition probabilities. Plasmas were generated on certified grade-1 titanium samples, with 532-nm laser radiation pulses from a Nd:YAG laser with energies of 18, 28, 38, and 48 mJ. Spectra were recorded with delay times between 0.5 and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">6.5~\mu \text{s} </tex-math></inline-formula> with 0.5-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \text{s} </tex-math></inline-formula> intervals. The calculation of Ti II transition probabilities included reported configurations of the Rydberg series as well as six new unreported configurations of each parity. For the estimation of the electronic temperature using the Boltzmann plot, 13 Ti II lines and eight Ti I lines measured in the LIBS spectra of the plasmas were used, obtaining values between 7700K and 11700 K with an uncertainty around 15%. On the other hand, the estimated plasma electron density range was (9-18) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\times 10^{16} </tex-math></inline-formula> cm-3, with an uncertainty of about 20% using a Lorentzian fit of the Stark broadening of measured Ti II lines. A comparison of the obtained electron density with that calculated from the Saha-Boltzmann equation is also presented.]]></description><subject>Atomic calculations</subject><subject>Atomic structure</subject><subject>Boltzmann transport equation</subject><subject>Configurations</subject><subject>Delay time</subject><subject>Delays</subject><subject>Electron density</subject><subject>electron temperature</subject><subject>Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy</subject><subject>Laser plasmas</subject><subject>Laser pulses</subject><subject>Lasers</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Neodymium lasers</subject><subject>plasma characterization</subject><subject>Plasma temperature</subject><subject>Plasmas</subject><subject>Rydberg series</subject><subject>Semiconductor lasers</subject><subject>Spectra</subject><subject>Spectrum analysis</subject><subject>Structural analysis</subject><subject>Temperature measurement</subject><subject>Three-dimensional displays</subject><subject>Titanium</subject><subject>Transition probabilities</subject><subject>Uncertainty</subject><subject>YAG lasers</subject><issn>0093-3813</issn><issn>1939-9375</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkDFPwzAUhC0EEqWwMzBYYk559rMTe6wioJUqUallthzHEanSptjOAL-elDIw3fLdnfQRcs9gxhjop-16M-PAcYYIQunigkyYRp1pLOQlmQBozFAxvCY3Me4AmJDAJ2SxstEHuu5s3FtafthgXfKh_bap7Q_UHmo6T_2-dXSTwuDSEDwtbeeG7heItG_otqXL5S25amwX_d1fTsn7y_O2XGSrt9dlOV9ljguZMl9py0SlsaqZ0LKqvWZQI68LdDloJcEWAkEXjFfKNQ3UuZe6AZFzKVABTsnjefcY-s_Bx2R2_RAO46XhatwCKLQaKThTLvQxBt-YY2j3NnwZBubky4y-zMmX-fM1Vh7OldZ7_w_nIh9l4Q8iTGTl</recordid><startdate>20231001</startdate><enddate>20231001</enddate><creator>Mejia, Roberto Enrique</creator><creator>Raineri, Monica</creator><creator>Sarmiento, Rafael</creator><creator>Alvarez, Juan C.</creator><creator>Pacheco, Paola</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6080-8691</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8789-8241</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4943-3280</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5681-9328</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20231001</creationdate><title>Laser Plasma Characterization and Atomic Structure Calculations of Ti II</title><author>Mejia, Roberto Enrique ; Raineri, Monica ; Sarmiento, Rafael ; Alvarez, Juan C. ; Pacheco, Paola</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c245t-eb9a14b93bd1495bde910d32d73c609850a74309712b8cff0d6e59f0462543803</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Atomic calculations</topic><topic>Atomic structure</topic><topic>Boltzmann transport equation</topic><topic>Configurations</topic><topic>Delay time</topic><topic>Delays</topic><topic>Electron density</topic><topic>electron temperature</topic><topic>Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy</topic><topic>Laser plasmas</topic><topic>Laser pulses</topic><topic>Lasers</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>Neodymium lasers</topic><topic>plasma characterization</topic><topic>Plasma temperature</topic><topic>Plasmas</topic><topic>Rydberg series</topic><topic>Semiconductor lasers</topic><topic>Spectra</topic><topic>Spectrum analysis</topic><topic>Structural analysis</topic><topic>Temperature measurement</topic><topic>Three-dimensional displays</topic><topic>Titanium</topic><topic>Transition probabilities</topic><topic>Uncertainty</topic><topic>YAG lasers</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mejia, Roberto Enrique</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raineri, Monica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarmiento, Rafael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alvarez, Juan C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pacheco, Paola</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE transactions on plasma science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mejia, Roberto Enrique</au><au>Raineri, Monica</au><au>Sarmiento, Rafael</au><au>Alvarez, Juan C.</au><au>Pacheco, Paola</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Laser Plasma Characterization and Atomic Structure Calculations of Ti II</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on plasma science</jtitle><stitle>TPS</stitle><date>2023-10-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>51</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>3035</spage><epage>3052</epage><pages>3035-3052</pages><issn>0093-3813</issn><eissn>1939-9375</eissn><coden>ITPSBD</coden><abstract><![CDATA[In this work, we report estimates of the temperature and electron density of titanium plasmas using time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) methods and results of Hartree-Fock relativistic (HFR) calculations of Ti II transition probabilities. Plasmas were generated on certified grade-1 titanium samples, with 532-nm laser radiation pulses from a Nd:YAG laser with energies of 18, 28, 38, and 48 mJ. Spectra were recorded with delay times between 0.5 and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">6.5~\mu \text{s} </tex-math></inline-formula> with 0.5-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \text{s} </tex-math></inline-formula> intervals. The calculation of Ti II transition probabilities included reported configurations of the Rydberg series as well as six new unreported configurations of each parity. For the estimation of the electronic temperature using the Boltzmann plot, 13 Ti II lines and eight Ti I lines measured in the LIBS spectra of the plasmas were used, obtaining values between 7700K and 11700 K with an uncertainty around 15%. On the other hand, the estimated plasma electron density range was (9-18) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\times 10^{16} </tex-math></inline-formula> cm-3, with an uncertainty of about 20% using a Lorentzian fit of the Stark broadening of measured Ti II lines. A comparison of the obtained electron density with that calculated from the Saha-Boltzmann equation is also presented.]]></abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/TPS.2023.3304897</doi><tpages>18</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6080-8691</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8789-8241</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4943-3280</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5681-9328</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | Atomic calculations Atomic structure Boltzmann transport equation Configurations Delay time Delays Electron density electron temperature Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy Laser plasmas Laser pulses Lasers Mathematical analysis Neodymium lasers plasma characterization Plasma temperature Plasmas Rydberg series Semiconductor lasers Spectra Spectrum analysis Structural analysis Temperature measurement Three-dimensional displays Titanium Transition probabilities Uncertainty YAG lasers |
title | Laser Plasma Characterization and Atomic Structure Calculations of Ti II |
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