Do vitamin D and high-sensitivity-C reactive protein levels differ in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum? A preliminary study

Objectives: The high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) is an inflammatory marker and vitamin D is an immune modulator that might play a critical role in the pathogenesis of hyperemesis gravidarum. Therefore, in the current study, we tested the hypothesis that suggests women with hyperemesis gravidarum have lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and higher hs-CRP levels, compared to controls. Materials and Methods: This prospective case-control study included 30 women with hyperemesis gravidarum (study group) and 30 age- and body mass index-matched healthy women (control group). The levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and hs-CRP were compared between two groups. Results: Both the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (5.30 μg/L vs. 6.44 μg/L; p=0.09) and hs-CRP levels (0.29 mg/dL vs. 0.47 mg/dL; p=0.93) were not significantly different between the study and control groups. Vitamin D deficiency was present in 27 (90.0%) women in the study group and 22 (73.3%) women in the control group (p=0.181). There was also no correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and hs-CRP levels in both groups. Conclusion: Although it did not reach statistical significance, vitamin D levels were lower in the study group compared with controls. Therefore, vitamin D might be speculated to play a crucial role in controlling the inflammatory status associated with hyperemesis gravidarum. Larger studies are required to clarify whether there is a relation between vitamin D deficiency and hyperemesis gravidarum.