Relationship between land surface temperature and normalized difference water index on various land surfaces: A seasonal analysis

The present study examines the seasonal relationship between land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference water index (NDWI) on various land surfaces in Raipur City of India by using a series of Landsat images for four specific seasons since 1991-92. The LST is retrieved using the mono-window algorithm technique. The results show that the LST of the study area is noticeably affected by surface composition. The best correlation (correlation coefficient r = 0.42) between the LST and NDWI is achieved in the post-monsoon season, followed by the monsoon season (r = 0.33), pre-monsoon season (r = 0.25), and winter season (r = 0.04). There is a moderate negative correlation (r = -0.49, -0.33, -0.31, and -0.25 in the pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon, and winter season, respectively) generated between the LST and NDWI on water bodies. On green vegetation, this LST-NDWI correlation is moderate positive (r = 0.67, 0.43, 0.50, and 0.25 in the pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon, and winter season, respectively). On human settlement and barren land surface, the correlation is weak positive (r = 0.24, 0.21, 0.27, and 0.15 in the pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon, and winter season, respectively). The output of the research work can be used in the town planning section of any urban agglomeration.