Complementary Use of Raman and µ-XRF Spectroscopy for Non-destructive Characterization of an Oil Painting by Turkish Painter İbrahim Çallı

The aim of the present work was to invastigate the pigments used in oil painting “in the park” created in the first half of the 20th century, by Turkish painter and academician İbrahim Çallı (1882-1960). The non-destructive analyses were performed with a combination of µ-XRF and Raman Microscopy. Obtained results revealed following pigments on the investigated painting: zinc white (ZnO), zinc yellow (K2O·4ZnCrO4·3H2O), chrome yellow (PbCrO4), strontium yellow (SrCrO4), ultramarine (Na7Al6Si6O24S3), prussian blue (Fe7C18N18), hematite (α-Fe2O3), cadmium red (CdSe), barite (BaSO4) and carbon black. There is a great lack of knowledge about the materials used in Turkish painting and this non-destructive study provides the first systematic investigation into Çallı's palette.