Effects of different fertilizers on growth and productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.): a review

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. Fertilizer is the major input in rice production. This article reviews on general overview of the effects of different fertilizers on the growth, development and production of rice. Growth and yield traits of rice are affected by nutrients deficiency. Soil testing and use of crop nutrient uptake and removal information are important in determining the actual rates of nutrients. Practice of adequate rate and timing of fertilizer application can increase rice yield. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) are applied as fertilizers in large quantities to rice fields, and a deficiency of either of the nutrient leads to yield losses. The use of micronutrients such as zinc and Sulphur is one of the important inputs that can increase productivity. Application of NPK fertilizer improves rice plant NPK uptake and also increases the grain yield. The integrating organic and inorganic fertilizers enhances the growth parameters and yields of rice. The balanced use of fertilizers improves crop productivity and soil fertility in a sustainable manner without any environmental damage. This study is a useful tool for scientists, farmers and academics who are interested in rice production, research and development.