Electron microprobe analysis of rabbit ciliary epithelium indicates enhanced secretion posteriorly and enhanced absorption anteriorly

1 Department of Physiology, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand; and Departments of 2 Physiology and 3 Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Submitted 18 May 2007 ; accepted in final form 24 August 2007 The rate of aqueous humor formation sequentially across the pigmented (PE) and nonpigmented (NPE) ciliary epithelial cell layers may not be uniform over the epithelial surface. Because of the tissue's small size and complex geometry, this possibility cannot be readily tested by conventional techniques. Rabbit iris-ciliary bodies were divided, incubated, quick-frozen, cryosectioned, and freeze-dried for electron probe X-ray microanalysis of the elemental contents of the PE and NPE cells. We confirmed that preincubation with ouabain to block Na + ,K + -ATPase increases Na + and decreases K + contents far more anteriorly than posteriorly. The anterior and posterior regions were the iridial portion of the primary ciliary processes and the pars plicata, respectively. Following interruption of gap junctions with heptanol, ouabain produced smaller changes in anterior PE cells, possibly reflecting higher Na + or K + permeability of anterior NPE cells. Inhibiting Na + entry selectively with amiloride, benzamil, or dimethylamiloride reduced anterior effects of ouabain by 50%. Regional dependence of net secretion was also assessed with hypotonic stress, which stimulates ciliary epithelial cell regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and net Cl – secretion. In contrast to ouabain's actions, the RVD was far more marked posteriorly than anteriorly. These results suggest that 1 ) enhanced Na + reabsorption anteriorly, likely through Na + channels and Na + /H + exchange, mediates the regional dependence of ouabain's actions; and 2 ) secretion may proceed primarily posteriorly, with secondary processing and reabsorption anteriorly. Stimulation of anterior reabsorption might provide a novel strategy for reducing net secretion. aqueous humor; rabbit iris-ciliary body; net secretion; sodium channels; sodium/hydrogen ion exchange Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: M. M. Civan, Dept. of Physiology, Univ. of Pennsylvania, Richards Bldg., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6085 (e-mail: civan{at}mail.med.upenn.edu )