La « niche fiscale » des journalistes et la morphologie des mondes de l’information

French journalists have benefited from significant tax breaks since the 1930’s which allow them, by virtue of their profession, to pay less income tax than others. This article examines this tax relief from a morphological perspective for journalists as a group. On one hand we will study its effect...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Sur le journalisme 2014, Vol.3 (2), p.102-115
1. Verfasser: Bastin, Gilles
Format: Artikel
Sprache:fre
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:French journalists have benefited from significant tax breaks since the 1930’s which allow them, by virtue of their profession, to pay less income tax than others. This article examines this tax relief from a morphological perspective for journalists as a group. On one hand we will study its effect on fair employment and income practices underpinning journalism in France, and on the other, its effects on journalists’ identity. The two ideal-typical forms this fiscal advantage has taken in the history of French journalism are outlined: the original proportional taxation scheme, designed to counter the impoverishment of journalists and unify the profession; and the fixed tax relief in place since1998 to meet tax fairness criteria in the context of job insecurity for journalists. Today’s tax relief resembles a partial socialization of employment in the news industry, most notably for those new to it and who do not hold stable employment. Its effects on the morphology of journalists as a group are ambiguous, however. On one hand there is a reinforcing effect on the group due to the socialization (albeit limited) of journalists’ income afforded by tax relief. On the other, the tax relief weakens the group, partly because it puts journalists in the position of having to justify themselves professionally to tax authorities in the case of disputes over this relief; or again, as is happening with increasing regularity, justify themselves to a new element seeking to participate in defining the social mandate of journalists: the public. Les journalistes français bénéficient depuis les années 1930 d’un important avantage fiscal. Celui-ci leur permet, du fait de leur profession, de payer moins d’impôts que les autres contribuables. Cette « niche fiscale » est analysée dans cet article sur un plan morphologique pour le groupe des journalistes. On examine d’un côté ses effets sur les équilibres en matière d’emploi ou de revenus sur lesquels est fondé le journalisme en France et, de l’autre, ses effets sur l’identité des journalistes. Les deux formes idéal-typiques que cet avantage a prises dans l’histoire du journalisme français sont rappelées : l’abattement proportionnel au revenu des origines, conçu comme un moyen de lutter contre la paupérisation des journalistes et d’unifier la profession ; l’abattement fixe qui prévaut depuis 1998 et qui répond à un critère d’équité fiscale dans un contexte de précarisation du travail des journalistes. L’abattement fiscal s’apparent
ISSN:2295-0710
2295-0729
DOI:10.25200/SLJ.v3.n2.2014.186