A histological examination of grafting success in pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera in French Polynesia
Pearl oyster grafting is a complex surgical operation that should lead to pearl formation after approximately eighteen months. Although this technique has been used for many years in French Polynesia, the grafting process is still not standardised. While studies have been carried out in order to imp...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Aquatic living resources (Montrouge) 2010-01, Vol.23 (1), p.131-140 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Pearl oyster grafting is a complex surgical operation that should lead to pearl formation after approximately eighteen months. Although this technique has been used for many years in French Polynesia, the grafting process is still not standardised. While studies have been carried out in order to improve graft performance and yield, these remain highly variable due to post-grafting mortality, nucleus rejection and unreliable pearl quality, all of which constrain pearl farm profitability. The present study uses histological analysis to monitor oysters that either rejected or retained their nuclei. Both groups of oysters are compared in terms of evolution of the graft, which could influence retention, and the development of a pearl sac in cases where grafting was successful. Data show that rejection phenomena are linked to a number of causes, notably an inflammatory reaction in the “receiving” oyster, the presence of numerous tissue lesions and the quality of the grafted tissue. These results suggest that study is needed on the different concomitant elements of the grafting process: the graft “donor” oysters, the nucleus and the “receiving” oyster and their interactions.
La greffe est un acte opératoire complexe qui doit permettre d'aboutir à la formation d'une perle en dix-huit mois environ. Bien que ces opérations soient effectuées depuis de nombreuses années en Polynésie française, la technique de greffe reste aujourd'hui un savoir-faire non standardisé. Différentes études ont été menées en vue d'améliorer les performances de greffe. Toutefois, l'hétérogénéité des rendements de greffe, mortalité post-opératoire, rejets des nucleus et celle de la qualité des perles restent autant de facteurs limitants pour la rentabilité des exploitations. Cette étude montre que les phénomènes de rejet sont associés à des causes multiples : réaction inflammatoire de l'huître receveuse, présence de lésions tissulaires et qualité des greffons. Ces résultats suggèrent la nécessité d'étudier de manière concomitante les différents compartiments intervenant dans la greffe : huître donneuse de greffons/nucleus/huître receveuse et d'analyser leurs interactions. |
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ISSN: | 0990-7440 1765-2952 |
DOI: | 10.1051/alr/2010006 |