Ecology explains anhydrobiotic performance across tardigrades, but the shared evolutionary history matters more
Desiccation stress is lethal to most animals. However, some microinvertebrate groups have evolved coping strategies, such as the ability to undergo anhydrobiosis (i.e. survival despite the loss of almost all body water). Tardigrades are one such group, where the molecular mechanisms of anhydrobiosis...
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Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of animal ecology 2024-03, Vol.93 (3), p.307-318 |
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Zusammenfassung: | Desiccation stress is lethal to most animals. However, some microinvertebrate groups have evolved coping strategies, such as the ability to undergo anhydrobiosis (i.e. survival despite the loss of almost all body water). Tardigrades are one such group, where the molecular mechanisms of anhydrobiosis have been more thoroughly studied. Despite the ecological, evolutionary and biotechnological importance of anhydrobiosis, little is known about its inter‐ and intra‐specific variability nor its relationship with natural habitat conditions or phylogenetic history.
We developed a new index—anhydrobiotic recovery index (ARI)—to evaluate the anhydrobiotic performance of tardigrade populations from the family Macrobiotidae. Moreover, we compared the explanatory role of habitat humidity and phylogenetic history on this trait using a variance partitioning approach.
We found that ARI is correlated with both microhabitat humidity and yearly rainfall, but it is mostly driven by phylogenetic niche conservatism (i.e. a high portion of ARI variation is explained by phylogeny alone). Finally, we showed that anhydrobiotic performance is highly variable, even between closely related species, and that their response to local ecological conditions is tightly linked to their phylogenetic history.
This study not only presents key insights into an emerging model system, but also provides a new methodological approach for wider scale studies of the ecological and evolutionary implications of anhydrobiosis.
Lo stress da essiccazione è letale per la maggior parte degli animali. Tuttavia, alcuni gruppi di microinvertebrati hanno sviluppato strategie di sopravvivenza come l'anidrobiosi, ovvero la capacità di sopravvivere nonostante la perdita quasi completa dell'acqua corporea. I tardigradi sono uno di quei in cui i meccanismi molecolari dell'anidrobiosi sono stati già studiati approfonditamente. Nonostante l'importanza ecologica, evolutiva e biotecnologica dell'anidrobiosi, si sa poco sulla sua variabilità inter‐ e intra‐specifica, sulla sua relazione con le condizioni ambientali, o di come si sia evoluta durante la storia evolutiva dei tardigradi.
In questo lavoro, abbiamo sviluppato un nuovo indice—Anhydrobiosis Recovery Index (ARI)—per valutare le prestazioni anidrobiotiche nelle popolazioni di tardigradi appartenenti alla famiglia dei Macrobiotidae. Inoltre, abbiamo testato l'effetto dell'umidità dell'habitat, della piovosità, e della filogenesi sull'ARI utilizzando un approccio di |
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ISSN: | 0021-8790 1365-2656 |
DOI: | 10.1111/1365-2656.14031 |