Efficacy of Continuous Interleukin 1 Blockade in Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency: A Multicenter Retrospective Study in 13 Adult Patients and Literature Review

To report efficacy and tolerance of interleukin 1 blockade in adult patients with mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD). We retrospectively collected data on 13 patients with MKD who had received anakinra (n = 10) and canakinumab (n = 7). Anakinra resulted in complete or partial remission in 3/10 and 5/10 patients, respectively, and no efficacy in 2/10, but a switch to canakinumab led to partial remission. Canakinumab resulted in complete or partial remission in 3/7 and 4/7 patients, respectively. These data support frequent partial responses, showing a better response with canakinumab. The genotype and therapeutic outcomes correlation should help in the personalization of treatment.