Quelles perspectives scientifiques et techniques pour l’inventaire et la surveillance des sols en France : Quels besoins en données, comment mieux les acquérir, les diffuser, les utiliser ?

The objective of the « Groupement d’intérêt scientifique Sol » (GIS Sol) is to design and coordinate soil inventory and monitoring actions, to develop and manage an information system on soils and their contribution to ecosystem services. On December 6th of 2021, it celebrated its 20th anniversary, an opportunity to take stock and outline prospects, while soils are arising on the agendas of international, European and national policies, and more data and indicators are required for soil inventory, monitoring and management. This article is composed of three parts: the first one develops an analysis of the social needs expressed during an online survey widely distributed between September and February 2022 and which collected 203 responses; the second one presents the needs expressed during a round table of actors of soil management which took place during GIS Sol‘s 20th anniversary day; the third one outlines scientific and technical prospects discussed that day and coming from the scientific literature. These perspectives do not commit GIS Sol as its decisions are the responsibility of its governance bodies. The GIS Sol appears at a crossroad, combining more or less different ways: to remain in its core business because of weak resources; to open up to new challenges, particularly on human health or soil biodiversity, on new technologies such as remote sensing; to act as a national observatory which collects and unifies data coming from different frameworks such as territorial declination of public policies or from different approaches such as citizen science. El Grupo de Interés Científico Suelo (GIS Sol) tiene por misión diseñar y coordinar acciones de inventario de los suelos y de seguimiento de sus cualidades, desarrollar y gestionar un sistema de información sobre los suelos y los servicios ecosistémicos a los que contribuyen. El 6 de diciembre de 2021, el GIS Sol celebró su 20º aniversario, ocasión para hacer balance y esbozar perspectivas científicas y técnicas, mientras que las cuestiones relacionadas con los suelos ocupan un lugar creciente en la agenda de las políticas internacionales, europeas y nacionales, esto se traduce en una gran demanda de datos e indicadores. Este artículo tiene tres partes: la primera analiza las necesidades expresadas en una encuesta en línea ampliamente difundida entre septiembre de 2021 y febrero de 2022 y que recogió 203 respuestas; la segunda menciona las necesidades expresadas en una mesa redonda de actores de la