Additional double-wall roof in single-wall, closed, convective incubators: Impact on body heat loss from premature infants and optimal adjustment of the incubator air temperature

Highlights • Preterm neonates lose heat by radiation to the cool surfaces of the incubator. • A double–wall roof panel in the incubator was evaluated to reduce radiant heat loss. • With an additional roof panel, radiant heat loss was lower. • However, convective and evaporative skin heat losses were higher. • This can be overcome by increasing the incubator air temperature (0.15–0.20°C).