“Singing on the Wing” as a Mechanism for Species Recognition in the Malarial Mosquito Anopheles gambiae
Anopheles gambiae, responsible for the majority of malaria deaths annually, is a complex of seven species and several chromosomal/molecular forms. The complexity of malaria epidemiology and control is due in part to An. gambiae's remarkable genetic plasticity, enabling its adaptation to a range...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Current biology 2010-01, Vol.20 (2), p.131-136 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Anopheles gambiae, responsible for the majority of malaria deaths annually, is a complex of seven species and several chromosomal/molecular forms. The complexity of malaria epidemiology and control is due in part to
An. gambiae's remarkable genetic plasticity, enabling its adaptation to a range of human-influenced habitats. This leads to rapid ecological speciation when reproductive isolation mechanisms develop
[1–6]. Although reproductive isolation is essential for speciation, little is known about how it occurs in sympatric populations of incipient species
[2]. We show that in such a population of “M” and “S” molecular forms, a novel mechanism of sexual recognition (male-female flight-tone matching
[7–9]) also confers the capability of mate recognition, an essential precursor to assortative mating; frequency matching occurs more consistently in same-form pairs than in mixed-form pairs (p = 0.001). Furthermore, the key to frequency matching is “difference tones” produced in the nonlinear vibrations of the antenna by the combined flight tones of a pair of mosquitoes and detected by the Johnston's organ. By altering their wing-beat frequencies to minimize these difference tones, mosquitoes can match flight-tone harmonic frequencies above their auditory range. This is the first description of close-range mating interactions in incipient
An.
gambiae species. |
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ISSN: | 0960-9822 1879-0445 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.cub.2009.11.040 |