Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Public Health

ABSTRACTObjectives: Elevated blood cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) is a significant cause of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to estimate national and zonal prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Nigeria to help guide targeted public health programs.Design: This is a systematic review and synthesi...

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Veröffentlicht in:Public health (London) 2020, Vol.178, p.167-178
Hauptverfasser: Adeloye, D., Abaa, D. Q., Owolabi, E. O., Ale, Boni Maxime, Mpazanje, R. G., Dewan, M. T., Omoyele, C., Ezeigwe, N., Alemu, W., Harhay, M. O., Auta, A., Adewole, I. F.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:ABSTRACTObjectives: Elevated blood cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) is a significant cause of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to estimate national and zonal prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Nigeria to help guide targeted public health programs.Design: This is a systematic review and synthesis of publicly available epidemiologic data on hypercholesterolemia in Nigeria.Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, and Africa Journals Online for studies on the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Nigeria published between 1990 and 2018. We used a random-effects meta-analysis (Freeman-Tukey double arscine transformation) and meta-regression model to estimate the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Nigeria in 1995 and 2015.Results: 13 studies (n=16981) were retrieved. The pooled crude prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Nigeria was 38% (95% CI: 26-51), with prevalence in women slightly higher (42%, 23-63) compared to men at (38%, 20-58). The prevalence was highest in the South-south (53%, 38-68) and lowest in the South-west (3%, 2-4) and North-east (4%, 2-7). Urban dwellers had a significantly higher rate (52%, 24-79) compared to rural dwellers (10%, 6-15). We estimated over 8.2 million persons (age-adjusted prevalence 16.5%) aged 20 years or more had hypercholesterolemia in Nigeria in 1995, increasing to 21.9 million persons (age-adjusted prevalence 25.9%) in 2015.Conclusions: Our findings suggest a high prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Nigeria. Urbanization, lifestyles, diets, and culture appear to be driving an increasing prevalence, especially among women. Population-wide awareness and education on reducing elevated cholesterol levels and associated risks should be prioritised.
ISSN:0033-3506
1476-5616
DOI:10.1016/j.puhe.2019.09.002