Myeloid cell responses after spinal cord injury

The past decade has revealed much about the complexity of the local inflammatory response after spinal cord injury (SCI). A major challenge is to distinguish between microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) to determine their phenotype and function. Transcriptome studies have revealed micro...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of neuroimmunology 2018-08, Vol.321, p.97-108
Hauptverfasser: David, Samuel, Kroner, Antje, Greenhalgh, Andrew D., Zarruk, Juan G., López-Vales, Rubén
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:The past decade has revealed much about the complexity of the local inflammatory response after spinal cord injury (SCI). A major challenge is to distinguish between microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) to determine their phenotype and function. Transcriptome studies have revealed microglia-selective genes but are still limited in scope because many markers are downregulated after injury. Additionally, new genetic reporter mice are available to study microglia and MDMs. There is more evidence now for the plasticity and heterogeneity of microglia and MDMs. We also discuss the role of neutrophils that are the first peripheral cells to enter the injured CNS. •Specific markers are needed to distinguish microglia from infiltrating macrophages.•There is plasticity and heterogeneity in microglia and macrophages responses to injury.•Neutrophils are recruited rapidly and have both detrimental and beneficial roles.
ISSN:0165-5728
1872-8421
DOI:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.06.003