Impact des Evènements Météorologiques Dangereux sur la gestion de crise des communes: application aux PCS des communes de l’île de la Réunion

The climate change consequences become apparent on the entire surface planet. this established fact obliges the crisis management services adapt their practices and more precisely their crisis emergency plan.On the Reunion Island, a Crisis Emergency Plan dedicated to Hurricane exists for along time (ORSEC Plan). In parallel, others intense meteorological events, but not cyclonic, are replicated increasingly. News strategies are necessary for the crisis management services for these events. In this way, since 2007, Reunion Island Prefecturemade a specific plan for these Dangerous Meteorological Events (EMD) called ORSEC EMD. This plan is operational for heavy rain, storm, strong wind, large swell. A lot of differences exist between ORSEC Hurricane and ORSEC EMD, in particular for the local collectivities that have more responsibilities during an ORSEC EMD than ORSEC hurricane.This paper presents the assessment methodology of Local Emergency Plans (PCS) developed in the research project SPICy (Real-time forecasting system of coastal and inland floods in tropical cyclone prone areas ANR-14-CE03-0016). The aim of SPICy is to develop an experimental flood forecasting system dedicated to flooding in tropical cyclone prone area. On the 2 test collectivities, Saint-Paul and Sainte-Suzanne, the results show: (1) the interest of approach, (2) the interest of elected member and staff of collectivities and (3) the need of Graduated Intervention Plan (PIG). The realization of these plans, and crisis management exercises are the next steps of this project research. The results presented in this paper are a very good base for this task. Les effets du changement climatique se font sentir sur toute la surface du globe. Cet état de fait oblige les services en charge de la gestion de crise à s’adapter, notamment en faisant évoluer les documents de planification de la gestion de crise. Sur l’île de la Réunion, par exemple, le dispositif de planification de la gestion crise (Dispositif ORSEC) appliqué aux évènements cycloniques existe depuis de nombreuses années. Mais, en marge de ces évènements cycloniques, d’autres phénomènes intenses et non cycloniques se reproduisent de plus en plus souvent, contraignant alors les gestionnaires de crise à s’adapter en conséquence. Ainsi, depuis 2007, la Préfecture de la Réunion a mis en place un Dispositif ORSEC EMD («Evènements Météorologiques Dangereux») qui porte sur les phénomènes de fortes pluies, orages, vents forts, et fortes houles