Valorization of Fish By-Products Using Reactive Extrusion for Biodiesel Production and Optimization

In this paper we present the reactive extrusion process as a method of lipids extraction from by-products of fish. The study focuses on two essential points which are by-product enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of three fish types, and the technical feasibility of producing a biodiesel from the fish lipids. The parameters of extrusion process were optimized in order to extract the more important percentage of oil. The results of the extracted oil from the three fish types were compared with other techniques such as batch process. Following the enzymatic hydrolysis, the chemical composition and the total fatty acids percentage are determined for each fish oil types in order to select the suitable oil for biodiesel production. Then the selected oil goes through transesterification, and we recover the methyl esters. The results of this study show that the enzymatic hydrolysis of the fish by-products by using the reactive extrusion process is interesting. Moreover, the valorization of fish by-products allows the marine waste recycling while producing biofuel. The produced biofuel can be used as an additive in a diesel fuel. Graphical abstract