Exploratory study on the possibility to link gasoline samples sharing a common source after alteration by evaporation or combustion

[Display omitted] •Alteration of 12 gasoline samples before passive headspace extraction and ATD-GCMS.•An adaptive untargeted chemometrics workflow to link samples with a common source.•Linking samples with a common source not compromised by evaporation or combustion.•Linking gasoline samples was not compromised despite alterations from 0% to 99%. The source inference of ignitable liquids in forensic science is still a challenging and ongoing research area. In real case applications, specimens of different natures, which may have been exposed to fire or not, may have to be compared. These comparisons are difficult since specimens may have been altered by evaporation, combustion or both. Plus, the extent of the alteration is often difficult to evaluate. Most studies concerning source inference of ignitable liquids worked on neat samples or samples altered by evaporation. However, there is a lack of studies comparing the influence of evaporation and combustion within a source inference framework. In this study, the same collection of gasoline samples was altered by both evaporation under a nitrogen stream and combustion of the gasoline adsorbed on a matrix. The possibility to link gasoline samples sharing a common source was then explored using an adaptive untargeted chemometrics workflow from feature detection to feature selection. This data treatment approach was successfully applied to the data and it was shown that the possibility to link samples with a common source was not compromised despite evaporation or combustion for degrees of alteration from 0% to 99%.