Retrograde approach for parotid benign tumours: A review

Parotidectomy for benign tumours is usually performed after facial nerve trunk discovery through an anterograde approach (AA) of the nerve. More recently, a retrograde approach (RA) toward the facial nerve, which begins on the facial nerve branches and ends on the nerve trunk, has been described. A literature review of the RA was conducted to evaluate the RA and to compare it with AA. A literature review was conducted for the years 1980 through 2016. Nine studies out of 216 were included, including 558 parotidectomies and 370 RA. We studied the operative time (OT), the postoperative complications including facial paralysis (FP), tumour recurrences, and possibilities for reoperation. Operative time was shorter in RA than in AA. Transitory FP significantly less frequent in RA than in AA in only one studies and not significantly in four studies. Incidence of Frey syndrome was similar in RA and AA. Tumour relapses were reported in 1.8% of cases with RA, comparable to AA. Retrograde parotidectomy is recommendable. OT was significantly shorter for the RA. The FP rate was lower for RA than for AA, but the difference was not significant. The recurrence rate appeared to be similar between RA and AA. Possibilities of reoperation were better after RA.