Dynamics of the Metabolic Response During a Competitive 100-m Freestyle in Elite Male Swimmers
To compare the dynamics of maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]), blood lactate ([La] ), total energy expenditure (E ), and contributions of the aerobic (E ), alactic anaerobic (E ), and lactic anaerobic (E ) metabolic energy pathways over 4 consecutive 25-m laps (L , L , etc) of a 100-m maxim...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of sports physiology and performance 2018-09, Vol.13 (8), p.1-1020 |
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| creator | Hellard, Philippe Pla, Robin Rodríguez, Ferran A Simbana, David Pyne, David B |
| description | To compare the dynamics of maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]), blood lactate ([La]
), total energy expenditure (E
), and contributions of the aerobic (E
), alactic anaerobic (E
), and lactic anaerobic (E
) metabolic energy pathways over 4 consecutive 25-m laps (L
, L
, etc) of a 100-m maximal freestyle swim.
Elite swimmers comprising 26 juniors (age = 16 [1] y) and 23 seniors (age = 24 [5] y) performed 100 m at maximal speed and then 3 trials (25, 50, and 75 m) at the same pace as that of the 100 m. [La]
was collected, and [Formula: see text] was measured 20 s postexercise.
The estimated energetic contributions for the 100-m trial are presented as mean (SD): E
, 51% (8%); E
, 18% (2%); E
, 31% (9%). [Formula: see text] increased from L
to L
(mean = 3.5 L·min
; 90% confidence interval [CI], 3.4-3.7 L·min
to mean = 4.2 L·min
; 90% CI, 4.0-4.3 L·min
) and then stabilized in the 2nd 50 m (mean = 4.1 L·min
; 90% CI, 3.9-4.3 L·min
to mean = 4.2 L·min
; 90% CI, 4.0-4.4 L·min
). E
(juniors, 138 [18] kJ; seniors, 168 [26] kJ), E
(juniors, 27 [3] kJ; seniors, 30 [3] kJ), and E
(juniors, 38 [12] kJ; seniors, 62 [24] kJ) were 11-58% higher in seniors. Faster swimmers (n = 26) had higher [Formula: see text], 90% CI 4.4-4.8 L·min
vs 3.9 L·min
, 90% CI 3.6-4.2 L·min
), and E
power was associated with fast performances (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1123/ijspp.2017-0597 |
| format | Article |
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), total energy expenditure (E
), and contributions of the aerobic (E
), alactic anaerobic (E
), and lactic anaerobic (E
) metabolic energy pathways over 4 consecutive 25-m laps (L
, L
, etc) of a 100-m maximal freestyle swim.
Elite swimmers comprising 26 juniors (age = 16 [1] y) and 23 seniors (age = 24 [5] y) performed 100 m at maximal speed and then 3 trials (25, 50, and 75 m) at the same pace as that of the 100 m. [La]
was collected, and [Formula: see text] was measured 20 s postexercise.
The estimated energetic contributions for the 100-m trial are presented as mean (SD): E
, 51% (8%); E
, 18% (2%); E
, 31% (9%). [Formula: see text] increased from L
to L
(mean = 3.5 L·min
; 90% confidence interval [CI], 3.4-3.7 L·min
to mean = 4.2 L·min
; 90% CI, 4.0-4.3 L·min
) and then stabilized in the 2nd 50 m (mean = 4.1 L·min
; 90% CI, 3.9-4.3 L·min
to mean = 4.2 L·min
; 90% CI, 4.0-4.4 L·min
). E
(juniors, 138 [18] kJ; seniors, 168 [26] kJ), E
(juniors, 27 [3] kJ; seniors, 30 [3] kJ), and E
(juniors, 38 [12] kJ; seniors, 62 [24] kJ) were 11-58% higher in seniors. Faster swimmers (n = 26) had higher [Formula: see text], 90% CI 4.4-4.8 L·min
vs 3.9 L·min
, 90% CI 3.6-4.2 L·min
), and E
power was associated with fast performances (P < .001).
Faster swimmers were characterized by higher [Formula: see text] and less time to reach the highest [Formula: see text] at ∼50 m of the 100-m swim. Anaerobic qualities become more important with age.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1555-0265</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1555-0273</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2017-0597</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29466071</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Human Kinetics</publisher><subject>Life Sciences ; Metabolism ; Swimming</subject><ispartof>International journal of sports physiology and performance, 2018-09, Vol.13 (8), p.1-1020</ispartof><rights>Copyright Human Kinetics Sep 2018</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c400t-8c5c9754bfa998e0c6eb1021e8895960ed37c6fcc1824164f0abbdea275d7a5a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c400t-8c5c9754bfa998e0c6eb1021e8895960ed37c6fcc1824164f0abbdea275d7a5a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8504-5069</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29466071$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://insep.hal.science/hal-01737751$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hellard, Philippe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pla, Robin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodríguez, Ferran A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simbana, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pyne, David B</creatorcontrib><title>Dynamics of the Metabolic Response During a Competitive 100-m Freestyle in Elite Male Swimmers</title><title>International journal of sports physiology and performance</title><addtitle>Int J Sports Physiol Perform</addtitle><description>To compare the dynamics of maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]), blood lactate ([La]
), total energy expenditure (E
), and contributions of the aerobic (E
), alactic anaerobic (E
), and lactic anaerobic (E
) metabolic energy pathways over 4 consecutive 25-m laps (L
, L
, etc) of a 100-m maximal freestyle swim.
Elite swimmers comprising 26 juniors (age = 16 [1] y) and 23 seniors (age = 24 [5] y) performed 100 m at maximal speed and then 3 trials (25, 50, and 75 m) at the same pace as that of the 100 m. [La]
was collected, and [Formula: see text] was measured 20 s postexercise.
The estimated energetic contributions for the 100-m trial are presented as mean (SD): E
, 51% (8%); E
, 18% (2%); E
, 31% (9%). [Formula: see text] increased from L
to L
(mean = 3.5 L·min
; 90% confidence interval [CI], 3.4-3.7 L·min
to mean = 4.2 L·min
; 90% CI, 4.0-4.3 L·min
) and then stabilized in the 2nd 50 m (mean = 4.1 L·min
; 90% CI, 3.9-4.3 L·min
to mean = 4.2 L·min
; 90% CI, 4.0-4.4 L·min
). E
(juniors, 138 [18] kJ; seniors, 168 [26] kJ), E
(juniors, 27 [3] kJ; seniors, 30 [3] kJ), and E
(juniors, 38 [12] kJ; seniors, 62 [24] kJ) were 11-58% higher in seniors. Faster swimmers (n = 26) had higher [Formula: see text], 90% CI 4.4-4.8 L·min
vs 3.9 L·min
, 90% CI 3.6-4.2 L·min
), and E
power was associated with fast performances (P < .001).
Faster swimmers were characterized by higher [Formula: see text] and less time to reach the highest [Formula: see text] at ∼50 m of the 100-m swim. Anaerobic qualities become more important with age.</description><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Swimming</subject><issn>1555-0265</issn><issn>1555-0273</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpdkU1v3CAQhlHVqPloz71VSL2kBycDNsYco918SRtFSttrEWbHDSvbuGAn2n9fnE32kBMweng1Mw8hXxmcMcbzc7eJw3DGgckMhJIfyBETQmTAZf5xfy_FITmOcQNQiELAJ3LIVVGWINkR-bPc9qZzNlLf0PER6R2Opvats_QB4-D7iHQ5Bdf_pYYufDfg6Eb3hJQBZB29Cohx3LZIXU8vWzemAJNeP59d12GIn8lBY9qIX17PE_L76vLX4iZb3V_fLi5WmS0AxqyywiopiroxSlUItsSaAWdYVUqoEnCdS1s21rKKF6wsGjB1vUbDpVhLI0x-Qn7sch9Nq4fgOhO22hunby5Weq6lDeVSCvbEEnu6Y4fg_02pfd25aLFtTY9-ipoDyIKXXM3o93foxk-hT5NoziRLCpSoEnW-o2zwMQZs9h0w0LMm_aJJz5r0rCn9-PaaO9Udrvf8m5f8PwUbjFw</recordid><startdate>20180901</startdate><enddate>20180901</enddate><creator>Hellard, Philippe</creator><creator>Pla, Robin</creator><creator>Rodríguez, Ferran A</creator><creator>Simbana, David</creator><creator>Pyne, David B</creator><general>Human Kinetics</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>VOOES</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8504-5069</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20180901</creationdate><title>Dynamics of the Metabolic Response During a Competitive 100-m Freestyle in Elite Male Swimmers</title><author>Hellard, Philippe ; Pla, Robin ; Rodríguez, Ferran A ; Simbana, David ; Pyne, David B</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c400t-8c5c9754bfa998e0c6eb1021e8895960ed37c6fcc1824164f0abbdea275d7a5a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Swimming</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hellard, Philippe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pla, Robin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodríguez, Ferran A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simbana, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pyne, David B</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)</collection><jtitle>International journal of sports physiology and performance</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hellard, Philippe</au><au>Pla, Robin</au><au>Rodríguez, Ferran A</au><au>Simbana, David</au><au>Pyne, David B</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Dynamics of the Metabolic Response During a Competitive 100-m Freestyle in Elite Male Swimmers</atitle><jtitle>International journal of sports physiology and performance</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Sports Physiol Perform</addtitle><date>2018-09-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>1020</epage><pages>1-1020</pages><issn>1555-0265</issn><eissn>1555-0273</eissn><abstract>To compare the dynamics of maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]), blood lactate ([La]
), total energy expenditure (E
), and contributions of the aerobic (E
), alactic anaerobic (E
), and lactic anaerobic (E
) metabolic energy pathways over 4 consecutive 25-m laps (L
, L
, etc) of a 100-m maximal freestyle swim.
Elite swimmers comprising 26 juniors (age = 16 [1] y) and 23 seniors (age = 24 [5] y) performed 100 m at maximal speed and then 3 trials (25, 50, and 75 m) at the same pace as that of the 100 m. [La]
was collected, and [Formula: see text] was measured 20 s postexercise.
The estimated energetic contributions for the 100-m trial are presented as mean (SD): E
, 51% (8%); E
, 18% (2%); E
, 31% (9%). [Formula: see text] increased from L
to L
(mean = 3.5 L·min
; 90% confidence interval [CI], 3.4-3.7 L·min
to mean = 4.2 L·min
; 90% CI, 4.0-4.3 L·min
) and then stabilized in the 2nd 50 m (mean = 4.1 L·min
; 90% CI, 3.9-4.3 L·min
to mean = 4.2 L·min
; 90% CI, 4.0-4.4 L·min
). E
(juniors, 138 [18] kJ; seniors, 168 [26] kJ), E
(juniors, 27 [3] kJ; seniors, 30 [3] kJ), and E
(juniors, 38 [12] kJ; seniors, 62 [24] kJ) were 11-58% higher in seniors. Faster swimmers (n = 26) had higher [Formula: see text], 90% CI 4.4-4.8 L·min
vs 3.9 L·min
, 90% CI 3.6-4.2 L·min
), and E
power was associated with fast performances (P < .001).
Faster swimmers were characterized by higher [Formula: see text] and less time to reach the highest [Formula: see text] at ∼50 m of the 100-m swim. Anaerobic qualities become more important with age.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Human Kinetics</pub><pmid>29466071</pmid><doi>10.1123/ijspp.2017-0597</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8504-5069</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_01737751v1 |
| source | Human Kinetics |
| subjects | Life Sciences Metabolism Swimming |
| title | Dynamics of the Metabolic Response During a Competitive 100-m Freestyle in Elite Male Swimmers |
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