Coupling geometric analysis and viability theory for system exploration: Application to a living food system

•We propose an approach for exploration of a model representing a dynamical system.•It is based on the coupling of the viability theory and a geometric approach.•It is applied to a food living system: the cheese ripening process.•Particular trajectories that improve the cheese ripening process were found.•It has been applied at a pilot scale. This paper addresses the issue of studying a food complex system in a reverse engineering manner with the aim of identifying the set of all possible actions that makes it reach a quality target with respect to manufacturing constraints. Once the set of actions is identified, several criteria can be considered to identify interesting trajectories and control policies. A viability approach, coupling the viability theory and a geometric approach of robustness, is proposed to study complex dynamical systems. It can be implemented for several types of systems, from linear to non linear or hybrid systems. The proposed framework was adapted to a living food system: a ripening model of Camembert cheese to identify the set of states and actions (capture basin) from which it is possible to reach a predefined quality target. Within the set of viable trajectories, particular trajectories that improve the Camembert cheese ripening process are identified using the proposed approach. The results are applied at a pilot scale and are discussed in this paper.