Effect of a high magnetic field on the morphological instability and irregularity of the interface of a binary alloy during directional solidification

The influence of an axial high magnetic field (up to 12 T) on the stability and morphology of the liquid–solid interface of a binary alloy has been investigated experimentally during the directional solidification of the Al–0.85 wt.% Cu and Zn–2.0 wt.% Cu alloys. Experimental results indicate that the high magnetic field caused the breakdown of a planar interface into cellular undulations and the formation of an irregular shape. Specifically, for the Zn–2.0 wt.% Cu peritectic alloy, a wavy band-like structure appears under a high magnetic field. Moreover, the high magnetic field promoted the enrichment of the solute Cu element in the diffusion boundary layer. A theory about the magnetization and solute build-up in the diffusion boundary layer under a high magnetic field for a binary alloy has been proposed. This magnetization and solute build-up could be partly responsible for the breakdown of the planar interface and the formation of the band-like structure in a peritectic alloy. Moreover, the stresses in the solid near the interface under a high magnetic field were analyzed, measured and simulated numerically. It is suggested that they are responsible to the interface irregularity, and are also capable of inducing the interface instability.