The low brazilian economic growth: its relationship with institutions and democracy/ O baixo crescimento economico brasileiro: sua relacao com as instituicoes e a democracia/ El bajo crecimiento economico brasileno: su relacion con las instituciones y la democracia

Since the Brazilian redemocratization in 1985, there has been a low economic growth with an average of only 2.33% per year until 2020. This work proposes to explain, through two institutional theories, how the Brazilian institutional framework figured after the redemocratization has slowed the country's economic growth. To this end, it is used the explanatory research methodology in order to present the institutional theories of Douglass North and Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson, in order to understand the institutional dynamics behind the economic performance of countries; correlate their theories with the concepts of democracy and economic growth; understand how the Brazilian institutional framework was configured from the redemocratization process, as well as seeking to answer whether institutions are the origin of Brazil's poor economic performance; and, finally, to explain possible institutional changes in order to change the way the Brazilian State acts to promote an acceleration in economic growth. As for the main results, the relevance of the impact of the Brazilian institutional framework on the low growth of the economy since 1985 was verified, a framework that led to an economic model of low growth with dissipative redistribution, increasing fiscal expenditures and, consequently, the tax burden, in addition to other economic distortions. Keywords: Institutions. Democracy. Economic Growth. Institutional Change. Redistribution. Desde a redemocratizacao brasileira em 1985, observa-se um baixo crescimento economico com media de apenas 2,33% ao ano ate 2020. Este trabalho propoe-se a explicar, atraves de duas teorias institucionais, como o quadro institucional brasileiro figurado apos a redemocratizacao tem freado o crescimento economico do pais. Para tal, utilizou- se da metodologia de pesquisa explicativa, a fim de apresentar as teorias institucionais de Douglass North e de Daron Acemoglu e James Robinson, de forma a compreender a dinamica institucional por tras do desempenho economico dos paises; correlacionar suas teorias com os conceitos de democracia e crescimento economico; entender de que forma o quadro institucional brasileiro fora configurado a partir da redemocratizacao, bem como buscar responder se as instituicoes sao a origem do fraco desempenho economico do Brasil; e, por fim, explanar possiveis mudancas institucionais, a fim de mudar o modo de agir do Estado brasileiro para promover uma aceleracao no crescimento economico. Quanto aos