Agro-productive characterization of farms in the Mayabeque province, Cuba

Objective: To characterize the agro-productive situation of farms in the Mayabeque province, Cuba. Materials and Methods: The research was carried out in the Mayabeque province. It covered 57 farms in the San José de las Lajas, Güines, Nueva Paz, Madruga, Batabanó and Jaruco municipalities. The participatory action research methodology (PAR) was applied. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection and analysis of relative frequency distribution for the studied variables was applied. Results: Thirty-six cultivated agricultural species were identified. Of these, 27 are in high demand in markets or for animal feeding. With regards to training in the use of biofertilizers, 56% of the farmers have participated in some type of training; while 47% have not received training. There was a significant preference for the use of organic fertilizers (83,6%) and mineral fertilizers (81,8%). Most farmers (85%) use irrigation systems compared with those practicing rainfed agriculture (15%). The main identified challenges include pests and diseases, lack of herbicides, shortage of chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers, soil fertility, labor, and lack of incentives for production and marketing. Conclusions: The research highlights the need for innovation and training in sustainable agricultural practices, which was evidenced by the lack of knowledge in the use of green manures, organic fertilizers and biofertilizers. This finding shows the importance of strengthening education and adopting technologies that promote the efficient use of natural resources and environmental sustainability. Keywords: organic fertilizers, alternative agriculture, training