Peach cultivars and new IAC selections for mild winter/Cultivares e novas selecoes IAC de pessego para regioes de inverno ameno

Traditional peach production regions provide adequate chill for satisfactorily bud's flower break dormancy, in cultivars there developed. However, considering the expansion of the orchards in mild winter areas and the expected global trends to warmer conditions, the local development of cultivars became relevant. Based on this background, this study proposed to evaluate the performance of 33 peach and nectarine cultivars and selections in mild winter climate. Features associated to the vegetative development, phenology, productivity and fruit characteristics were measured in nine seasons, and the data analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance. Significant correlations between features were remarked. The Pillai and F tests presented significant results, highlighting significant differences among cultivars for almost all features. Peach and nectarine genotypes showed genetic diversity that may be accessed for use as cultivars, or parental for crosses. 'IAC Aurora 1', 'IAC Aurora 2', 'IAC Centenario', 'IAC Douradao', 'IAC Joia4', 'IAC Ouromel 3', 'IAC Regis', 'Diamante', 'Eldorado', 'FlordaPrince', 'Premier' and 'Tropic Beauty' were the cultivars with the best results. A large number of selections showed promising results, emphasizing, the 'IAC 680-177', 'IAC 1085-27', 'IAC 785-9', 'IAC 2982-31', 'IAC 4682-45' and 'IAC 6882-84'. Index terms: multivariate analysis, principal component analysis, Southeast Brazil, Prunus persica. As regioes tradicionais de producao de pessego apresentam frio adequado para a quebra de dormencia das gemas de forma satisfatoria, nas cultivares localmente desenvolvidas. No entanto, considerando a expansao dos pomares em areas de inverno ameno e as tendencias globais esperadas para condicoes mais quentes, o desenvolvimento local de cultivares tornou-se relevante. Com base nisso, este estudo propos-se a avaliar o desempenho de 33 cultivares e selecoes de pessegueiro e nectarineira em clima de inverno ameno. Caracteristicas associadas ao desenvolvimento vegetativo, fenologia, produtividade e caracteristicas dos frutos foram medidas em nove safras; e os dados, analisados por analise de variancia multivariada. Foram observadas correlacoes significativas entre as caracteristicas. Os testes de Pillai e F apresentaram resultados significativos, destacando a presenca de diferencas entre cultivares para quase todas as caracteristicas. Os genotipos de pessegueiro e de nectarineira apresentaram diversidade genetica que pode ser acessada par