Time series analysis of land use and occupation in permanent preservation areas of the Parafba River Basin/Analise das series temporais de uso e ocupacao da terra em Areas de Preservacao Permanente da Bacia do Rio Paraiba

Any alteration caused in riparian areas of hydrographic basins directly causes changes in the dynamics of rivers, lakes, and urban areas with the elements of energy flow, dissolved material and sediments. Better planning, management and protection of natural resources in the areas of a river basin require knowledge of the characteristics of water courses, vegetation and land use and occupation. The present work aimed to analyze a time series of land use and occupation data in Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) of the Paraiba River Basin according to the precepts of the Brazilian Forest Code and with the aid of geoprocessing tools and the Pettitt test and Mann-Kendall test statistics. The Pettitt test showed a temporal change in the average natural cover starting in 2007, with an increase of 4.2%. Based on the Mann-Kendall test, there was a downward trend in the cover of riparian forests in 36.72% of the PPAs, prevailing over PPAs with upward trends, in the period from 1985 to 2006, demonstrating greater degradation of riparian forest areas during this period, mainly in the Middle and Lower Paraiba River regions. For the period from 2006 to 2020, there was a significant change in areas with upward trends in land with natural cover (28.31%), with an increase of 12.5% compared to the previous period. Keywords: Riparian forests, Pettitt test, Mann-Kendall test, Forest code. E imprescindivel entender que qualquer alteracao causada nas areas ciliares das bacias hidrograficas provoca mudancas diretamente na dinamica dos rios, lagos, areas urbanas com os elementos de fluxo de energia, material dissolvido e sedimentos. Assim, para melhor planejamento, gestao e protecao dos recursos naturais existentes nas areas de uma bacia hidrografica, faz-se necessario conhecer as caracteristicas dos cursos d'agua, vegetacao e uso e ocupacao da terra. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a serie temporal dos dados de uso e ocupacao da terra em Areas de Preservacao Permanente (APP) na Bacia Hidrografica do Rio Paraiba, segundo os preceitos do Codigo Florestal brasileiro e com auxilio das ferramentas de geoprocessamento e das metodologias estatisticas do Teste de Pettitt e Teste de Mann-Kendall. O teste Pettitt apresentou uma mudanca temporal na media de cobertura natural a partir do ano de 2007, com aumento de 4,2%. A partir do teste de Mann-Kendall, notou-se que houve tendencia de decrescimento das matas ciliares em 36,72% das APPs analisadas, superior a area que apre