Historical evolution of World Health Organization guidelines on antimicrobial resistance/Evolucion historica de la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud y la resistencia a los antimicrobianos/Evolucao historica da Organizacao Mundial da Saude e a resistencia aos antimicrobianos

Objective. Show the evolution of guidelines on public health policies focused on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) between 1948 and 2022. Other related government actions are also mentioned. Methods. A detailed review was conducted of World Health Assembly and WHO Executive Board archives. A textual analysis was conducted of AMR-related resolutions that guide the design of government policies and actions for WHO Member States. A systematic search was carried out in SCOPUS, PubMed, and grey literature under the category of public health policies on AMR. Results. AMR has become the greatest threat to public health, putting at risk the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. WHO resolutions are presented as evidence of guidelines to combat AMR. The One Health approach and related strategies, initiatives, plans, and programs are mentioned. A gap was identified in the research and development of new antimicrobials, requiring further analysis. Conclusions. WHO has made efforts to combat AMR. This has generated comprehensive development of public health policies to be implemented by the governments of Member States as they see fit. Keywords World Health Organization; resolutions; public health policies; microbial drug resistance; antibiotics. Objetivo. Mostrar la evolucion de los lineamientos sobre politicas publicas en salud enfocadas en farmacorresistencia microbiana o resistencia a los antimicrobianos (RAM) que la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ha emitido desde 1948 hasta 2022. Ademas, se mencionan otras acciones gubernamentales relacionadas. Metodos. Se llevo a cabo una revision detallada de los archivos de la Asamblea Mundial de la Salud y el Consejo Ejecutivo de la OMS. Se realizo un analisis textual de resoluciones sobre la RAM, que dan pauta al diseno de politicas y acciones gubernamentales para los Estados Miembros de la OMS. Tambien se realizo una busqueda sistematica en SCOPUS, Pubmed y literatura gris con categoria de analisis: politicas publicas en salud sobre la RAM. Resultados. La RAM se ha convertido en la mayor amenaza para la salud publica, y compromete el cumplimiento de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible. Presentamos resoluciones de la OMS como evidencia de lineamientos para combatir la RAM. En consonancia, se menciona el enfoque "Una salud", estrategias, iniciativas, planes y programas relacionados. Se identifico una brecha en la investigacion y el desarrollo de antimicrobianos