F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography predicts recurrence and histological grade of extrahepatic bile duct cancer

Malignant tumors in cholangiocarcinoma are diagnosed and staged using [.sup.18]F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and clinical analysis. However, comprehensive analysis, including pathological analysis, has not yet been sufficiently performed. In the present study, the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was calculated using FDG-PET and its relationship with clinicopathological factors was analyzed. The present study included 86 patients who underwent preoperative FDG-PET/computed tomography (CT) and did not receive chemotherapy among 331 patients with hilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma. Receiver operating characteristic analysis with recurrence events was used to determine the SUVmax cutoff of 4.9. Immunohistochemical staining of glucose transporter 1 (Glut1), hypoxia-inducible factor-1[alpha] and Ki-67 was performed for pathological analysis. The standardized uptake value (SUV)-high group (SUVmax [greater than or equal to]4.9) had a higher postoperative recurrence rate (P