Improved Therapeutic Potential of Chrysin Nanoparticles Against Diabetes: An in vitro Study

Chrysin is a well-known flavonoid possessing variety of therapeutic benefits and showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and other such properties. However, its proper application is hindered because of its poor solubility and poor bioavailability. To overcome these limiting factors, nanotization appears to be a promising method to improve the therapeutic efficacy of the molecule. Here, we have prepared the nanoformulation of chrysin by solvent-evaporation method and characterized them. The antioxidant potential was determined and in vitro anti-diabetic activity was assessed by a -amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibition assays and the results showed a dose-dependent increase in percentage inhibition of the enzyme by the nanoparticles compared to their soluble forms. Glycation was reduced to a significantly higher extent in presence of nano chrysin and this was observed by a decrease in synthesis of amadori products as well as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). This effect was also evident by estimating free thiol and carbonyl contents. The results were further confirmed by spectroscopic techniques showing interaction of HSA with chrysin in both nano as well as soluble forms. All these results suggest that the nanoformulation of chrysin possess significantly greater antioxidant, antidiabetic and antiglycating activities than soluble form. The experimental outcomes were supported by molecular docking studies.