Assessing Mineral Status among Patients with Essential Hypertension

Hypertension is an important public health problem worldwide it leading risk factor for non communicable disease globally and it responsible for 13% global deaths and global disease in the year 2013 WHO 2008 statistic. Risk factor for hypertension is cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, cerebrovascular disease, stroke and renal dysfunction most commonly occur in conjunction with diabetes and also include age, obesity, excess salt intake, tobacco use, lack of physical activity and excess alcohol consumption that various minerals like sodium ([Na.sup.+]), potassium ([K.sup.+]), magnesium ([Mg.sup.2+]), Calcium ([Ca.sup.2+]), chloride ([Cl.sup.-]), iron (Fe), phosphorous(P) could directly or indirectly influence the BP, major minerals involved within the regulation of BP, together with clinical evidence and their possible BP regulating mechanisms. These minerals illustrates the relationship between the subsequent on blood pressure sodium (Na) induce hypertension (excess dietary salt) not fully explored. Potassium (P) induces hypotension (by suppressing SNS). Calcium (Ca) intracellular regulates vascular tone it direct impact on blood pressure. Magnesium (mg) is natural calcium channel blocker and it suppress calcium movement into endothelial and myocytes and its lower BP iron (haemoglobin) and transferrin level were positively associated with blood pressure and incident (increase) hypertension. Phosphorus decreased in hypertension but not fully explored.