Plasma Homocysteine: Is it a biosignature for impending Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

Objective: To evaluate plasma Homocysteine levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and correlate with HbAlc and Fasting Plasma Glucose. Materials & Methods: In this observational, cross-sectional, single-centre study, 70 adult patients with type 2 DM and 30 healthy controls were selected from the End...

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Veröffentlicht in:Indian journal of clinical biochemistry 2022-05, Vol.36 (S1), p.S58
Hauptverfasser: Das, Priyanka, Noorjahan, M, Sreedevi, N.N, Khan, Siraj Ahmed, Bhaskar, M. Vijaya, Baba, K.S.S. Sai
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Objective: To evaluate plasma Homocysteine levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and correlate with HbAlc and Fasting Plasma Glucose. Materials & Methods: In this observational, cross-sectional, single-centre study, 70 adult patients with type 2 DM and 30 healthy controls were selected from the Endocrinology outpatient department in Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad from July to August 2021. Plasma HCY, HbAlc and FPG in these patients were analysed. Social Science Statistics calculator (version 2021) was used for Mann-Whitney U Test & Spearman Rho Correlation. Results: The median plasma Homocysteine levels (pmol/L) among diabetics 15.54(11.24-19.47) were significantly higher than in non-diabetics 11.44 (9.54-13.34, p=0.00001). A significant positive correlation of Homocysteine was observed with HbAlc (r=0.343, p=0.0004) and Fasting Plasma Glucose (r=0.287, p=0.003). Conclusion: The present study revealed significantly elevated HCY levels in Type 2 DM as compared to controls. Hyper-homocysteinemia is attributed to causing damage to pancreatic beta cells leading to dysfunctional insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Also, HCY promotes vascular endothelial injury through oxidative stress resulting in chronic vascular complications of diabetes. The positive correlation observed between the levels of HCY, HbAlc and FPG warrants a need to monitor HCY levels in those at risk of overt diabetes and for achieving euglycemia and stalling micro and macrovascular complications in diabetics. Additionally, HCY is being explored frequently as a risk marker for coronary heart disease. Hence, periodic monitoring and controlling plasma HCY levels may slow down progression to overt diabetes and impede disease progression in those already affected. Keywords: homocysteine, diabetes, HbAlc, fasting plasma glucose
ISSN:0970-1915