Study of Lipid Profile and Apo B in Patients with Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is a condition with decreased levels of thyroid hormones and elevated levels of Thyroid stimulating Hormone. Hypothyroidism is one of the most common causes secondary dyslipidemia. Thyroid function significantly effects lipoprotein metabolism therefore cardiovascular risk, cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, with approval from the Institutional Scientific and Ethics Committee from December 2017 to July 2019. A total of 50 patients of hypothyroidism and 50 normal subjects (age 20 to 60 years) attending OPD of Endocrinology Department, KGH were studied. T3, T4 and TSH were quantitatively estimated by chemiluminescence (CLIA) method. Serum was estimated on the fully automated biochemistry Beckman-AU 480 analyzer. Total cholesterol, Triglycerides and HDL cholesterol are estimated. LDL cholesterol was calculated by using Friedewald's formula. Apo B levels are estimated by immunoturbidometry method. Out of 50 patients, 30 patients belong to subclinical hypothyroidism and 20 belong to overt hypothyroidism. Females had higher prevalence consisting of 85% of total cases. In control patients, the mean level of serum cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and Triglycerides were found to be 172.67 [+ or -] 14.76, 42.37 [+ or -] 6.49, 112.89 [+ or -] 18.46, 124.89 [+ or -] 26.05 respectively. In subclinical and overt hypothyroid patients, mean level of s. cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were found to be 275.44 [+ or -] 14.49, 39.83 [+ or -] 6.76, 152.32 [+ or -] 15.29, 187.88 [+ or -] 16.69 mg/dl, respectively, and 301.55 [+ or -] 20.53, 30.55 [+ or -] 7.29, 181.87 [+ or -] 20.11, 216.49 [+ or -] 20.72, respectively. ApoB in cases was 124.8 [+ or -] 19.6 and in controls it was 102.9 [+ or -] 16.4 It can be concluded that hypothyroid patients show dyslipidemic profile and Apo-B is significantly high and they are improved markers for prediction of cardiovascular risk in hypothyroidism.