Evaluation of Adipocytokine Profile in Android and Gynoid Obese Females with Unexplained Infertility

Adipocytokines play an important role of immune-endocrine cross-talk that contributes to disturbed reproductive processes. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate Adiponectin, Leptin and Resistin levels in android and gynoid obese females as contributing factor that leads to unexplained infertility and compare between physically active and inactive infertile females. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Infertility clinic. Participants were recruited based on the inclusion criteria of FSH < 32 pIU/ml, normal AMH, BMI (23-30) and antral follicle count with minimum of 7 to 3; and divided as Group A n= 64 infertile unexplained females and Group B n = 62 fertile females. Participants were further categorized as Group (I) Android group n= 24 with WC more than 88 cm and WHR [greater than or equal to] 2.85 and Group (II) Gynoid group n = 40 based on WC less than 88 cm and WHR < 2.85. Serum Adiponectin, Leptin and Resistin were analyzed with standard ELISA kits in BIORAD ELISA instrument. Based on Global Physical Activity Questionnaire the participants were sub-grouped as physically active and inactive. Mean Adiponectin levels decreased, and leptin levels increased in unexplained infertility females. Leptin levels increased in gynoid obese females and observed linear positive correlation with BMI. Serum Adiponectin levels decreased in android obese infertile females and observed linear negative correlation with WC. Resistin levels did not show statistically significant difference. Adiponectin levels (5.33 [+ or -] 2.85 pg/ml) were significantly decreased in physically inactive Android individuals, (p [less than or equal to] 0.0008) than physically active. Leptin levels (33.36 [+ or -] 6.42 ng/ml) were significantly increased in physically inactive Gynoid individuals (p [less than or equal to] 0.0001). Decreased Adiponectin and increased Leptin levels reflect the altered adipocytokine effects in unexplained infertility. Lifestyle modifications such as moderate physical activity do create a favorable environment for the regular reproductive processes.