Alkaloids Contents of Hyoscyamus Niger L. And Their Pharmacological Action

INTRODUCTION: Medicinal plants produce a wide variety of secondary metabolites, such metabolites include alkaloids which are very prominent class of compounds exhibits novel pharmacological action. Hyoscyamus niger L. is an important medicinal plant belongs to family solanaceae. This plant is rich source of medicinal substances including tropane alkaloids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seeds of H. niger were extracted for isolation of alkaloids, 5 ml ammonia (25%) and methanol was added over dried seeds powder to extract alkaloids in alcoholic medium, then methanol was evaporated and residue dry matter was washed with petroleum ether and finally lower phase was collected now added 25% ammonia and alkaline solution was collected washed with chloroform and dehydrated with anhydrous sodium sulphate and filtered with Whatman filter paper now ethanol is added and extract analyzed by TLC plates and HPLC, Hyoscyamine and scopolamine were obtained. RESULTS: Results showed that on performing TLC scopolamine was major alkaloids then hyoscyamine in seed and on HPLC analysis scopolamine and hyoscyamine retention times obtained 9 and 11 minutes respectively, these alkaloids showed antispasmodic effect on gastrointestinal and genitourinary actions. KEYWORDS: Hyoscyamus niger L., Solanaceae, Pharmacological actions, Tropane Alkaloids, Hyoscyamine and Scopolamine, HPLC and TLC.