Study of Cystatin-C Level as a Predictive Marker in Renal Disease

This study was undertaken to evaluate clinical usefulness of cystatin C levels of serum in predicting renal impairment in normalbuminuric with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of microvascular chronic complication of T2DM which is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Chronic kidney diseases (CKD) may result from like Diabetes Mellitus (34%), hypertension (29%), glomerulonephritis (14%) and others (23%). The present study was undertaken to explore the possibility of the serum cystatin C level as marker of early renal impairment in T2DM patient. The present study carried out estimation of cystatin C level and cystatin C estimated eGFR. The present study carried out estimation of lipid profile. The study was conducted in 75 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 75 healthy individuals were included as controls in this study. After 12 hrs, fasting 8 ml. venous blood sample was collected and allowed to clot for half an hour and serum was separated. Lipid profile and cystatin C level of serum were measured by using commercially available kit of auto analyzer. The level of Serum cystatin C was significantly increased in T2DM Patients as compared to controls. In T2DM patients HDL cholesterol significantly decreased (P < 0.001), while other parameters of lipid profile were significantly increased (P < 0.001) as compared to control group. Present study suggests that cystatin C measurement in serum is a useful, practical, non-invasive tool for the evaluation of renal involvement in the course of diabetes, especially in normoalbuminuric patients and study also shows significant lipoprotein abnormalities in T2DM patients when compared to controls.