A Historical Development and Futuristic Trends of Microstrip Antennas

This article presents the general overview of the Microstrip Antenna referred as electronic human eye and its design and fabrication considerations. MPA consists of a metal based substrate of any geometrical shape with a copper based microstrip patch on the one side with other side having ground connection. Various Feeding Techniques are presented for feeding the patch and feedline is having ohmic contact with the patch present on the substrate. The MPAs were introduced in 1950s. However, these, at that stage, were having low fraction bandwidth with very low efficiency, and eventually they struck the communication designing market in early 1980s. With its reviewed design after extensive research that elaborates the different geometric patterns with optimized feeding methods results in high fractional bandwidths. With the decline in wideband bandwidth due to excessive application patterns in this era, extensive research is in process for the proposal of usage of Ultra Wide Band frequency patterns for the development of multiple bandwidth based reconfigurable MPAs that provide reliable and high spectrum bandwidth. This article presents the study of MPAs, comparison of different material used for substrates and feeding methods. Keywords: mm-wave, wide-band, narrow-band, dielectric