Instruments for assessing level of consciousness in adults and the elderly: integrative review/Instrumentos para a avaliacao do nivel de consciencia em adultos e idosos: revisao integrativa/Instrumentos para evaluar el nivel de conciencia en adultos y ancianos: revision integradora

Objective: to identify, in the literature, scientific evidence on the instruments that assess level of consciousness in adult and elderly patients. Method: this integrative literature review was carried out in February 2020, with articles published between 2010 and 2020, in the information sources: LILACS, CINAHL, PubMed[R]/Medline, Web of Science, EBSCO and Scopus. Studies were selected using the application Rayyan. Results: 884 articles were identified, of which 19 met the inclusion criteria. Eight rating scales were identified, most evaluating the items: eye opening, motor response, verbal response, breathing pattern and brainstem reflexes. The Coma Recovery Scale-Revised was the most used and the Full Outline of Unresponsiveness scale was considered the most complete to assess awareness. Conclusion: the scales were found to share similar domains and evaluation mechanisms and to be reliable and effective for measuring level of consciousness in adults and the elderly. Descriptors: Consciousness; Patients; Adult; Aged; Questionnaires. Objetivo: identificar na literatura evidencias cientificas sobre os instrumentos que avaliam o nivel de consciencia de pacientes adultos e idosos. Metodo: revisao integrativa de literatura, realizada em fevereiro de 2020, com artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2020, nas fontes de informacao: LILACS, CINAHL, PubMed[R]/Medline, Web of Science, EBSCO e Scopus. Adotou-se o aplicativo Rayyan para a selecao dos estudos. Resultados: identificaram-se 884 artigos, destes, 19 atenderam aos criterios de inclusao. Foram identificadas oito escalas de avaliacao. A maioria delas avalia os itens: abertura ocular, resposta motora, resposta verbal, padrao respiratorio e reflexos tronco encefalicos. A escala Coma Recovery Scale- Revised foi a mais utilizada e a escala Full Outline of Unresponsiveness, considerada a mais completa para avaliar a consciencia. Conclusao: verificou-se que as escalas possuem semelhanca em seus dominios e mecanismos de avaliacao e sao confiaveis e efetivas para mensurar o nivel de consciencia de adultos e idosos. Descritores: Estado de consciencia; Pacientes; Adulto; Idoso; Questionarios. Objetivo: identificar en la literatura evidencia cientifica sobre los instrumentos que evaluan el nivel de conciencia de pacientes adultos y ancianos. Metodo: revision integradora de la literatura, realizada en febrero de 2020, con articulos publicados entre 2010 y 2020, en las fuentes de informacion: PubMed[R]/Medline, LILACS, CINAHL,