Bioinformation Analysis Reveals IFITI as Potential Biomarkers in Central Nervous System Tuberculosis

Objective: Central nervous system tuberculosis is the most serious form of extrapulmonaiy tuberculosis. We aim to discover potential biomarkers involved in the development of the disease. Methods: Through gene difference analysis, construction of a protein interaction network and tissue specific analysis and other bioinformatics analysis methods, we found out the relatively high expression of important substances in the central nervous system, interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1. Subsequently, the lesion tissue and the resection margin tissue away from the lesion were collected from the 6 cases of central nervous system tuberculosis patients diagnosed from 2019 to 2020, and the pathological manifestations were observed by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining, and the expression of IFIT1 was verified by immunohistochemistry. Results: A total of 101 differential genes were analyzed between extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients and normal people, and they were mainly enriched in the interferon pathway. The protein interaction network unearthed 34 key genes. Through tissue specific analysis, it was found that IFIT1 is relatively high in the central nervous system. H&E staining showed the expression of multinucleated macrophages, and immunohistochemistry showed that IFIT1 was significantly positively expressed in the lesion tissue. Conclusion: IFIT1 is an important substance involved in central nervous system tuberculosis. Keywords: central nervous system tuberculosis, biomarkers, interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1, hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry staining