Network theory of stakeholder influences: a revisited Approach/Teoria de Redes de Influencias de Stakeholders: uma abordagem revisitada/Teoria de redes de influencia de stakeholders: un enfoque revisado

The interactions among multiple stakeholders have gained importance in the last decades, given the speed with which information is spread and connections are established between individuals and groups. However, there is still a research gap, which is the lack of consolidation of the empirical studies that analyzed the phenomenon of stakeholder networks and their contribution to the advancement of the theory. Thus, this work aims to investigate the evolution of the stakeholder networks approach in the last 20 years, that is, to revisit Rowley's theory (1997) and to bring a panorama of its evolution to the present day. This essay is based on two research scopes: Network Theories--society in networks and interoganizational networks and Theory of Stakeholders, integrated in the composition of Rowley's proposal (1997)--Network Theory of Stakeholders Influences. From a sociometric analysis and systematic review of 228 articles collected in the Web of Science between 1997 and 2017, it was possible to analyze the evolution of this approach. Based on this reflection, it is possible to infer that recent research shifts the focus of the relations with the stakeholders, centered in the organization, to those of a decentralized network with several actors. In addition, there is a trend of studies of networks formed by groups of stakeholders and the social identities of individuals members of these groups. The contribution of this study consists of presenting an overview of the Theory of Stakeholder Networks analyzing reference networks, theoretical and empirical contributions, trends and research agenda for the theme, which will help in the development of future work. Keywords: Multiple Stakeholders. Interorganizational Networks. Stakeholder theory. Influence of stakeholders. Sociometric analysis. As interacoes entre multiplos stakeholders vem ganhando importancia nas ultimas decadas, dada a velocidade com que se propagam informacoes e se estabelecem conexoes entre individuos e grupos. Porem, a pesquisa sobre o tema ainda carece de estudos empiricos que analisem o fenomeno das redes de stakeholders e da sua contribuicao para o avanco da teoria. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a evolucao da abordagem de redes de stakeholders nos ultimos 20 anos e fornecer um panorama da sua evolucao ate os dias atuais. Este trabalho fundamenta-se em dois escopos de pesquisa: Teorias de Redes--sociedade em redes e redes interoganizacionais e a Teoria de Stakeholders, in