THE GREEKS IN THE ADRIATIC SEA/LES GRECS EN ADRIATIQUE

Located at the crossroads between Balkan and Italian peninsulas and connecting Mediterranean areas to central and northern Europe, the Adriatic Sea was widely frequented by Greeks from the Ninth century BCE at least. Greeks were attracted to Adriatic coasts by trades, but they rarely established apoikiai. This paper aims to highlight how Greek "mobility" in this sea has to be understood in the light of larger and more complex historical contexts (the "tyranny" of Periander, the hegemonic projects of Dionysus of Syracuse) and to define the effect of colonial settlements or Greek emporia on indigenous people. Keywords: Contacts; Adriatic Sea; Emporia; Tyranny; Ghost Colonies. Situee au carrefour entre les peninsules balkanique et italienne et reliant les espaces mediterraneens aux regions de l'Europe centrale et septentrionale, la mer Adriatique a connu une importante frequentation grecque a partir au moins du IXe s. av. J.-C. Attires par les opportunites commerciales auxquelles les littoraux de cette mer permettaient d'avoir acces, les Grecs ne s'y sont cependant qu'exceptionnellement installes de facon permanente dans le cadre de l'apoikia. A travers une presentation synthetique, cette contribution vise a mettre en evidence comment la grecque dans cette mer s'est inseree dans des contextes historiques plus vastes et complexes (la de Periandre, les projets hegemoniques de Denys de Syracuse) et a souligner l'impact des implantations coloniales ou emporiques grecques sur les populations locales. Mots-cles: Contacts; Mer Adriatique; Emporia; colonies phantomes. Situado no cruzamento entre as peninsulas Balcanica e Italiana, e conectando os espacos mediterranicos das regioes da Europa central e setentrional, o mar Adriatico experimentou uma importante presenca grega a partir de pelo menos meados do seculo IX a.C. Atraidos pelas oportunidades comerciais as quais os litorais desse mar davam acesso, os gregos, no entanto, raramente se instalaram de forma permanente em estrutura de apoikia. Atraves de uma apresentacao sintetica, esta contribuicao visa por em evidencia como a "mobilidade" grega nesse mar esta inserida nos contextos historicos mais vastos e complexos (a "tirania" de Periandro, os projetos hegemonicos de Dionisio de Siracusa) e destacar o impacto das implantacoes coloniais ou emporicas gregas nas populacoes locais. Palavras-chave: Contatos; Mar Adriatico; Emporia; Tirania; Colonias Fantasmas.