Participative democracy in the Constitutional Cational Assembly and the Constitution of 1988/A democracia participativa na Assembleia Nacional Constituinte e na Constituicao de 1988

This article discusses the forms and results related to the instruments of participatory democracy in the National Constitutional Assembly and in the 1988 Constitution. For this purpose, the main documents that report this participation are examined. It is a qualitative approach, formalized in two strategies: (i) selective review of the material available in the Brazilian literature and in the Congress database (ii) case study of bills resulting from popular initiative presented since the creation of the Institution in 1988 and 2013 with the verification of how many proposed bills were converted into law and how this process occurs. The main results reveal a very insignificant application of the instruments of right judgment, with a total of 07 bills presented where only 05 were converted into law. As a main conclusion, the instruments of popular initiative to amend the Constitution, the plebiscite and the referendum are participatory instruments almost unknown to Brazilian voters, whose practice would strengthen our young democracy. We point lege ferenda to the need for a constitutional reform that removes the obstacles that currently hinder the exercise of participatory democracy. Legal and Political Science. Keywords: Constitutional National Assembly; Constitution of 1988; Participative Democracy; Popular Sovereignty. No presente artigo discorremos sobre as formas e os resultados relativos aos instrumentos de democracia participativa na Assembleia Nacional Constituinte e na Constituicao de 1988. Para tanto examinamos os principais documentos que relatam essa participacao. Trata-se de uma abordagem qualitativa, formalizada em duas estrategias: (i) revisao seletiva do material disponivel na literatura brasileira e na base de dados do Congresso Nacional; (ii) estudo dos casos de projetos de lei decorrentes de iniciativa popular apresentados desde a criacao da Constituicao em 1988 e 2013 com a verificacao de quantos Projetos de Lei propostos foram convertidos em Lei e como ocorre esse processo. Os principais resultados revelam uma aplicacao muito pouco expressiva dos instrumentos de participacao direta, com um total de sete Projetos de Lei apresentados onde apenas cinco foram convertidos em lei. Como principal conclusao afirmamos que os instrumentos de iniciativa popular de emendas a Constituicao, o plebiscito e o referendo sao instrumentos participativos quase desconhecidos dos eleitores brasileiros, cuja pratica fortaleceria nossa jovem democracia. Aponta