Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels may increase the detrimental effect of VDR variants on the risk of essential hypertension

Background/objectives The present cross-sectional study evaluated the association of vitamin D receptor ( VDR ) variants with serum 25(OH)D 3 levels and their interaction on essential hypertension (EH) risk. Subjects/methods 1539 patients were eligible in the study population. Two loci in VDR gene (rs2239179, rs2189480) were genotyped by TaqMan probe assays. Logistic regression, Kruskal–Wallis rank test and Chi-square test were used to determine the association among VDR polymorphisms, serum vitamin D metabolites, and the risk of EH. Interaction plots were performed to explain the interaction effects of circulating 25(OH)D 3 levels and VDR variants on EH susceptibility. Results After potential confounding adjustment, we observed that the mutations of VDR (rs2239179/rs2189480) were associated with the increased risk of EH ( P